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The human rights situation in Cuba during 2025 was characterized by a sustained deterioration of living conditions and a systematic policy of repression against dissent, according to the global report by Amnesty International.
The document describes a country where the political control of the state remains strong while the population faces an increasingly deep economic and social crisis, characterized by scarcity, inflation, and loss of purchasing power.
Amnesty places Cuba among a group of countries where economic and social rights have significantly deteriorated.
The lack of access to food, medicine, and basic services reflects an economic model that is unable to guarantee minimum conditions of well-being. This situation has resulted in widespread impoverishment and has driven an unprecedented wave of migration in recent years.
In parallel, the report emphasizes that the State's repressive apparatus continued to systematically act against activists, independent journalists, and critical citizens. The authorities restricted protests and resorted to arbitrary detentions as a common mechanism to stifle any manifestation of dissent.
The use of the judicial system for political purposes is another highlighted element. Individuals deemed opponents have been subjected to proceedings without guarantees, in which basic principles of due process have been violated.
Although some were released during the year, many remained under severe restrictions, and in several cases, the authorities revoked those measures as retaliation for continuing their activism.
The report also warns about the conditions in the prison system. Individuals deprived of their freedom, particularly for political reasons, reported torture, mistreatment, lack of medical care, and detention conditions incompatible with international standards.
Amnesty International documents the use of enforced disappearances as part of the repressive pattern. These practices often begin with arbitrary detentions followed by the concealment of the detainees' whereabouts, creating uncertainty and fear among relatives and civil society.
The organization concludes that Cuba combines a highly effective state apparatus for political control with a progressive collapse of economic and social rights.
This scenario leaves the population in a situation of increasing vulnerability, without full access to fundamental freedoms or dignified living conditions.
In this context, the report warns that the lack of structural reforms and political openness keeps the country in a downward spiral that directly affects millions of Cubans.
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